WritingLaw (Page 39)

90. Presumption as to electronic messages. The Court may presume that an electronic message, forwarded by the originator through an electronic mail server to theRead More →

91. Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced. The Court shall presume that every document, called for and not produced after noticeRead More →

92. Presumption as to documents thirty years old. Where any document, purporting or proved to be thirty years old, is produced from any custody whichRead More →

93. Presumption as to electronic records five years old. Where any electronic record, purporting or proved to be five years old, is produced from anyRead More →

CHAPTER VI – OF THE EXCLUSION OF ORAL EVIDENCE BY DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE 94. Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reducedRead More →

95. Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement. When the terms of any such contract, grant or other disposition of property, or any matter required byRead More →

96. Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document. When the language used in a document is, on its face, ambiguous or defective, evidenceRead More →

97. Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts. When language used in a document is plain in itself, and when it appliesRead More →

98. Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts. When language used in a document is plain in itself, but is unmeaning inRead More →

99. Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons. When the facts are such that the language usedRead More →

100. Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies. When the languageRead More →

101. Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc. Evidence may be given to show the meaning of illegible or not commonly intelligible characters, ofRead More →

102. Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document. Persons who are not parties to a document, or their representatives in interest, mayRead More →

103. Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills. Nothing in this Chapter shall be taken to affect any of the provisions ofRead More →

PART IV – PRODUCTION AND EFFECT OF EVIDENCE CHAPTER VII – OF THE BURDEN OF PROOF 104. Burden of proof. Whoever desires any Court toRead More →

105. On whom burden of proof lies. The burden of proof in a suit or proceeding lies on that person who would fail if noRead More →