Difference Between Trial and Inquiry
First thing to understand, is that, both trial and inquiry are judicial proceedings. Now let us look at five differences between trial and inquiry under CrPC.
Trial
Inquiry is different from trial. Trial is not defined in the code. Trail was defined in the code of 1872, but it has not been defined in the subsequent code 1882, 1898, and 1973.
1. A trial is always for an offence.
2. A trial ends in acquittal or conviction of an accused.
3. Trial is the examination and determination of cause by a judicial tribunal.
4. Trial follows inquiry.
5. Trial is the third stage.
Inquiry
1. An inquiry does not necessarily relate to only offences.
For Example, Inquiry made in disputes relating to an immovable property with regard to the possession, public nuisance, or for the maintenance of wives.
2. An inquiry into an offence never ends in a conviction or acquittal.
3. Inquiry includes every inquiry other than a trial conducted by magistrate or court.
4. Inquiry precedes a trial.
5. Inquiry is the second stage in a criminal case.
Here is a side by side difference between trial and inquiry under CrPC.
Related: Complaint, Fir, Investigation, Inquiry, And Trial Under CrPC
- Section 31 BNS (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) - 20th February 2026
- Section 32 BNS (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) - 20th February 2026
- Section 33 BNS (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) - 19th February 2026
