136. Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence. When either party proposes to give evidence of any fact, the Judge may ask the party proposing to give the evidence in what manner the alleged fact, if proved, would be relevant; and the Judge shall admit the evidence if heRead…
137. Examination-in-chief. The examination of a witness, by the party who calls him, shall be called his examination-in-chief. Cross-examination- The examination of a witness by the adverse party shall be called his cross- examination. Re-examination- The examination of a witness, subsequent to the cross-examination by the party who called him, shall beRead…
138. Order of examinations. Witnesses shall be first examined-in-chief then (if the adverse party so desires) cross- examined, then (if the party calling him so desires) re-examined. The examination and cross-examination must relate to relevant facts but the cross- examination need not to be confined to the facts which theRead…
139. Cross-examination of person called to produce a document. A person summoned to produce a document does not become a witness by the mere fact that he produces it, and cannot be cross-examination, unless and until he is called as a witness. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematicRead…
140. Witness to character. Witnesses to character may be cross-examined and re-examined. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for Evidence Act.Read…
141. Leading questions. Leading question- Any questions suggesting the answer which the person putting it wishes or expects to receive is called a leading question. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for Evidence Act.Read…
142. When they must not be asked. Leading questions must not, if objected by the adverse party, be asked in an examination-in-chief, or in re-examination, except with the permission of the Court. The Court shall permit leading questions as to matters which are introductory or undisputed or which have, inRead…
143. When they must be asked. Leading questions may be asked in cross-examination. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF for Evidence Act.Read…
144. Evidence as to matters in writing. Any witness may be asked while under examination, whether any contract, grant or other disposition of property as to which he is giving evidence, was not contained in a document, and if he says that it was, or if he is about toRead…
145. Cross-examination as to previous statements in writing. A witness may be cross-examined as to previous statements made by him in writing or reduced into writing and relevant to matter in question, without such writing being shown to him, or being proved; but if it is intended to contradict himRead…
146. Questions lawful in cross-examination. When a witness is cross-examined, he may, in addition to the questions hereinbefore referred to, be asked any questions which tend- (1) to test his veracity, (2) to discover who he is and what is his position in life, (3) to shake his credit, byRead…
147. When witness to be compelled to answer. If any such question relates to a matter relevant to the suit or proceeding the provisions of Section 132 shall apply thereto. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence Act each section wise. Download beautiful, colourful PDF forRead…
148. Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer. If any such question relates to matter not relevant to the suit or proceeding, except in so far it affects the credit of the witness by injuring his character, the Court shall decide whether orRead…
149. Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds. No such question as is referred to in Section 148 ought to be asked, unless the person asking it has reasonable grounds for thinking that the imputation which it conveys is well-founded. Illustration- (a) A barrister is instructed by an attorneyRead…
150. Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds. If the court is of opinion that any such question asked was without reasonable grounds, it may, if it was asked by any barrister, pleader, vakil or attorney report the circumstances of the case to the HighRead…
151. Indecent and scandalous questions. The Court may forbid any question or inquiries which it regards as indecent or scandalous, although such questions or inquiries may have some bearing on the questions before the Court unless they relate to fact in issue or to matters necessary to be known inRead…
152. Question intended to insult or annoy. The Court shall forbid any question which appears to it to be intended to insult or annoy, or which, though proper in itself, appears to the Court needlessly offensive in form. Read Indian Evidence Act in a beautiful, systematic way. Read Evidence ActRead…
153. Exclusion of evidence to contradict answer to questions testing veracity. When a witness has been asked and has answered any question which is relevant to the inquiry only in so far as it tends to shake his credit by injuring his character, no evidence shall be given to contradictRead…
154. Question by party of his own witness. The Court may, in its discretion, permit the person who calls a witness to put any question to him which might be put in cross-examination by the adverse party. Nothing in this section shall disentitle the person so permitted under sub-section (1),Read…
155. Impeaching credit of witness. The credit of a witness may be impeached in the following ways by the adverse party, or with the consent of the Court, by the party who calls him- (1) By the evidence of persons who testify that they, from their knowledge of the witnessRead…
156. Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible. When a witness whom it is intended to corroborate gives evidence of any relevant fact, he may be questioned as to any other circumstances which he observed at or near to the time or place at which such relevant fact occurred,Read…
157. Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact. In order to corroborate the testimony of a witness, any former statement made by such witness relating to the same fact, at or about the time when the fact took place, or before anyRead…
158. What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under Section 32 or 33. Whenever any statement relevant under Section 32 or 33 is proved, all matters may be proved either in order to contradict or to corroborate, or in order to impeach or confirm the creditRead…
160. Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in Section 159. A witness may also testify to facts mentioned in any such document as is mentioned in Section 159, although he has no specific recollection of the facts themselves, if he is sure that the facts were correctly recorded inRead…
161. Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory. Any writing referred to under the provisions of the two last preceding sections must be produced and shown to the adverse party if he requires it; such party may, if he pleases, cross-examine the witness there upon. ReadRead…
162. Production of document. A witness summoned to produce a document shall, if it is in his possession or power, bring it to the Court, notwithstanding any objection which there may be to its production or to its admissibility. The validity of any such objection shall be decided on byRead…
163. Giving as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice. When a party calls for a document which he has given the other party notice to produce, and such document is produced and inspected by the party calling for its production, he is bound to give it asRead…
164. Using, as evidence, of document, production of which was refused on notice. When a party refuses to produce a document which he has had notice to produce, he cannot afterwards use the document as evidence without the consent of the other party or the order of the Court. Illustration-Read…
