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5. Commutation of sentence. The appropriate Government may, without the consent of the offender, commute any punishment under this Sanhita to any other punishment inRead More →

6. Fractions of terms of punishment. In calculating fractions of terms of punishment, imprisonment for life shall be reckoned as equivalent to imprisonment for twentyRead More →

7. Sentence may be (in certain cases of imprisonment) wholly or partly rigorous or simple. In every case in which an offender is punishable withRead More →

8. Amount of fine, liability in default of payment of fine, etc. (1) Where no sum is expressed to which a fine may extend, theRead More →

9. Limit of punishment of offence made up of several offences. (1) Where anything which is an offence is made up of parts, any ofRead More →

10. Punishment of person guilty of one of several offences, judgment stating that it is doubtful of which. In all cases in which judgment isRead More →

11. Solitary confinement. Whenever any person is convicted of an offence for which under this Sanhita the Court has power to sentence him to rigorousRead More →

12. Limit of solitary confinement. In executing a sentence of solitary confinement, such confinement shall in no case exceed fourteen days at a time, withRead More →

13. Enhanced punishment for certain offences after previous conviction. Whoever, having been convicted by a Court in India, of an offence punishable under Chapter XRead More →

CHAPTER III – GENERAL EXCEPTIONS 14. Act done by a person bound, or by mistake of fact believing himself bound, by law. Nothing is anRead More →

15. Act of Judge when acting judicially. Nothing is an offence which is done by a Judge when acting judicially in the exercise of anyRead More →

16. Act done pursuant to judgment or order of Court. Nothing which is done in pursuance of, or which is warranted by the judgment orRead More →

17. Act done by a person justified, or by mistake of fact believing himself justified, by law. Nothing is an offence which is done byRead More →

18. Accident in doing a lawful act. Nothing is an offence which is done by accident or misfortune, and without any criminal intention or knowledgeRead More →

19. Act likely to cause harm, but done without criminal intent, and to prevent other harm. Nothing is an offence merely by reason of itsRead More →

20. Act of a child under seven years of age. Nothing is an offence which is done by a child under seven years of age.Read More →

21. Act of a child above seven and under twelve years of age of immature understanding. Nothing is an offence which is done by aRead More →

22. Act of a person of unsound mind. Nothing is an offence which is done by a person who, at the time of doing it,Read More →

23. Act of a person incapable of judgment by reason of intoxication caused against his will. Nothing is an offence which is done by aRead More →

24. Offence requiring a particular intent or knowledge committed by one who is intoxicated. In cases where an act done is not an offence unlessRead More →

25. Act not intended and not known to be likely to cause death or grievous hurt, done by consent. Nothing which is not intended toRead More →

26. Act not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit. Nothing, which is not intended to cause death, isRead More →

27. Act done in good faith for benefit of child or person of unsound mind, by, or by consent of guardian. Nothing which is doneRead More →

28. Consent known to be given under fear or misconception. A consent is not such a consent as is intended by any section of thisRead More →

29. Exclusion of acts which are offences independently of harm caused. The exceptions in sections 25, 26 and 27 do not extend to acts whichRead More →

30. Act done in good faith for benefit of a person without consent. Nothing is an offence by reason of any harm which it mayRead More →

31. Communication made in good faith. No communication made in good faith is an offence by reason of any harm to the person to whomRead More →

32. Act to which a person is compelled by threats. Except murder, and offences against the State punishable with death, nothing is an offence whichRead More →

33. Act causing slight harm. Nothing is an offence by reason that it causes, or that it is intended to cause, or that it isRead More →

Of right of private defence 34. Things done in private defence. Nothing is an offence which is done in the exercise of the right ofRead More →

35. Right of private defence of body and of property. Every person has a right, subject to the restrictions contained in section 37, to defend:Read More →

36. Right of private defence against act of a person of unsound mind, etc. When an act, which would otherwise be a certain offence, isRead More →

37. Acts against which there is no right of private defence. (1) There is no right of private defence: (a) against an act which doesRead More →

38. When right of private defence of body extends to causing death. The right of private defence of the body extends, under the restrictions specifiedRead More →

39. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death. If the offence be not of any of the descriptions specified in sectionRead More →

40. Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of body. The right of private defence of the body commences as soon as a reasonableRead More →

41. When right of private defence of property extends to causing death The right of private defence of property extends, under the restrictions specified inRead More →

42. When such right extends to causing any harm other than death. If the offence, the committing of which, or the attempting to commit whichRead More →

43. Commencement and continuance of right of private defence of property. The right of private defence of property: (a) commences when a reasonable apprehension ofRead More →

44. Right of private defence against deadly assault when there is risk of harm to innocent person. If in the exercise of the right ofRead More →

CHAPTER IV – OF ABETMENT, CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY AND ATTEMPT Of abetment 45. Abetment of a thing. A person abets the doing of a thing, who:Read More →

46. Abettor. A person abets an offence, who abets either the commission of an offence, or the commission of an act which would be anRead More →

47. Abetment in India of offences outside India. A person abets an offence within the meaning of this Sanhita who, in India, abets the commissionRead More →

48. Abetment outside India for offence in India. A person abets an offence within the meaning of this Sanhita who, without and beyond India, abetsRead More →

49. Punishment of abetment if act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment. Whoever abets any offenceRead More →

50. Punishment of abetment if person abetted does act with different intention from that of abettor. Whoever abets the commission of an offence shall, ifRead More →

51. Liability of abettor when one act abetted and different act done. When an act is abetted and a different act is done, the abettorRead More →

52. Abettor when liable to cumulative punishment for act abetted and for act done. If the act for which the abettor is liable under sectionRead More →

53. Liability of abettor for an effect caused by act abetted different from that intended by abettor. When an act is abetted with the intentionRead More →

54. Abettor present when offence is committed. Whenever any person, who is absent would be liable to be punished as an abettor, is present whenRead More →

55. Abetment of offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life. Whoever abets the commission of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life,Read More →

56. Abetment of offence punishable with imprisonment. Whoever abets an offence punishable with imprisonment shall, if that offence be not committed in consequence of theRead More →

57. Abetting commission of offence by public or by more than ten persons. Whoever abets the commission of an offence by the public generally orRead More →

58. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life. Whoever intending to facilitate or knowing it to be likely that heRead More →

59. Public servant concealing design to commit offence which it is his duty to prevent. Whoever, being a public servant, intending to facilitate or knowingRead More →

60. Concealing design to commit offence punishable with imprisonment. Whoever, intending to facilitate or knowing it to be likely that he will thereby facilitate theRead More →

Of criminal conspiracy 61. Criminal conspiracy (1) When two or more persons agree with the common object to do, or cause to be done: (a)Read More →

Of attempt 62. Punishment for attempting to commit offences punishable with imprisonment for life or other imprisonment. Whoever attempts to commit an offence punishable byRead More →

CHAPTER V – OF OFFENCES AGAINST WOMAN AND CHILD Of sexual offences 63. Rape. A man is said to commit “rape” if he: (a) penetratesRead More →

64. Punishment for rape. (1) Whoever, except in the cases provided for in sub-section (2), commits rape, shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment of eitherRead More →

65. Punishment for rape in certain cases. (1) Whoever, commits rape on a woman under sixteen years of age shall be punished with rigorous imprisonmentRead More →

66. Punishment for causing death or resulting in persistent vegetative state of victim. Whoever, commits an offence punishable under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) ofRead More →

67. Sexual intercourse by husband upon his wife during separation. Whoever has sexual intercourse with his own wife, who is living separately, whether under aRead More →

68. Sexual intercourse by a person in authority. Whoever, being: (a) in a position of authority or in a fiduciary relationship; or (b) a publicRead More →

69. Sexual intercourse by employing deceitful means, etc. Whoever, by deceitful means or by making promise to marry to a woman without any intention ofRead More →

70. Gang rape. (1) Where a woman is raped by one or more persons constituting a group or acting in furtherance of a common intention,Read More →

71. Punishment for repeat offenders. Whoever has been previously convicted of an offence punishable under section 64 or section 65 or section 66 or sectionRead More →

72. Disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences, etc. (1) Whoever prints or publishes the name or any matter which may make known theRead More →

73. Printing or publishing any matter relating to Court proceedings without permission. Whoever prints or publishes any matter in relation to any proceeding before aRead More →

Of criminal force and assault against woman 74. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to outrage her modesty. Whoever assaults orRead More →

75. Sexual harassment. (1) A man committing any of the following acts: (i) physical contact and advances involving unwelcome and explicit sexual overtures; or (ii)Read More →

76. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any woman or abets suchRead More →

77. Voyeurism. Whoever watches, or captures the image of a woman engaging in a private act in circumstances where she would usually have the expectationRead More →

78. Stalking. (1) Any man who: (i) follows a woman and contacts, or attempts to contact such woman to foster personal interaction repeatedly despite aRead More →

79. Word, gesture or act intended to insult modesty of a woman. Whoever, intending to insult the modesty of any woman, utters any words, makesRead More →

Of offences relating to marriage 80. Dowry death. (1) Where the death of a woman is caused by any burns or bodily injury or occursRead More →

81. Cohabitation caused by man deceitfully inducing belief of lawful marriage. Every man who by deceit causes any woman who is not lawfully married toRead More →

82. Marrying again during lifetime of husband or wife. (1) Whoever, having a husband or wife living, marries in any case in which such marriageRead More →

83. Marriage ceremony fraudulently gone through without lawful marriage. Whoever, dishonestly or with a fraudulent intention, goes through the ceremony of being married, knowing thatRead More →

84. Enticing or taking away or detaining with criminal intent a married woman. Whoever takes or entices away any woman who is and whom heRead More →

85. Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty. Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the husband of aRead More →

86. Cruelty defined. For the purposes of section 85, “cruelty” means: (a) any wilful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely toRead More →

87. Kidnapping, abducting or inducing woman to compel her marriage, etc. Whoever kidnaps or abducts any woman with intent that she may be compelled, orRead More →

Of causing miscarriage, etc. 88. Causing miscarriage. Whoever voluntarily causes a woman with child to miscarry, shall, if such miscarriage be not caused in goodRead More →

89. Causing miscarriage without woman’s consent. Whoever commits the offence under section 88 without the consent of the woman, whether the woman is quick withRead More →

90. Death caused by act done with intent to cause miscarriage. (1) Whoever, with intent to cause the miscarriage of a woman with child, doesRead More →

91. Act done with intent to prevent child being born alive or to cause to die after birth. Whoever before the birth of any childRead More →

92. Causing death of quick unborn child by act amounting to culpable homicide. Whoever does any act under such circumstances, that if he thereby causedRead More →

Of offences against child 93. Exposure and abandonment of child under twelve years of age, by parent or person having care of it. Whoever beingRead More →

94. Concealment of birth by secret disposal of dead body. Whoever, by secretly burying or otherwise disposing of the dead body of a child whetherRead More →

95. Hiring, employing or engaging a child to commit an offence. Whoever hires, employs or engages any child to commit an offence shall be punishedRead More →

96. Procuration of child. Whoever, by any means whatsoever, induces any child to go from any place or to do any act with intent thatRead More →

97. Kidnapping or abducting child under ten years of age with intent to steal from its person. Whoever kidnaps or abducts any child under theRead More →

98. Selling child for purposes of prostitution, etc. Whoever sells, lets to hire, or otherwise disposes of any child with intent that such child shallRead More →

99. Buying child for purposes of prostitution, etc. Whoever buys, hires or otherwise obtains possession of any child with intent that such child shall atRead More →

CHAPTER VI – OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE HUMAN BODY Of offences affecting life 100. Culpable homicide. Whoever causes death by doing an act with theRead More →

101. Murder. Except in the cases hereinafter excepted, culpable homicide is murder: (a) if the act by which the death is caused is done withRead More →

102. Culpable homicide by causing death of person other than person whose death was intended. If a person, by doing anything which he intends orRead More →

103. Punishment for murder. (1) Whoever commits murder shall be punished with death or imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to fine. (2)Read More →

104. Punishment for murder by life-convict. Whoever, being under sentence of imprisonment for life, commits murder, shall be punished with death or with imprisonment forRead More →

105. Punishment for culpable homicide not amounting to murder. Whoever commits culpable homicide not amounting to murder, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, orRead More →

106. Causing death by negligence. (1) Whoever causes death of any person by doing any rash or negligent act not amounting to culpable homicide, shallRead More →

107. Abetment of suicide of child or person of unsound mind. If any child, any person of unsound mind, any delirious person or any personRead More →

108. Abetment of suicide. If any person commits suicide, whoever abets the commission of such suicide, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description forRead More →

109. Attempt to murder. (1) Whoever does any act with such intention or knowledge, and under such circumstances that, if he by that act causedRead More →

110. Attempt to commit culpable homicide. Whoever does any act with such intention or knowledge and under such circumstances that, if he by that actRead More →

111. Organised crime. (1) Any continuing unlawful activity including kidnapping, robbery, vehicle theft, extortion, land grabbing, contract killing, economic offence, cyber-crimes, trafficking of persons, drugs,Read More →

112. Petty organised crime. (1) Whoever, being a member of a group or gang, either singly or jointly, commits any act of theft, snatching, cheating,Read More →

113. Terrorist act. (1) Whoever does any act with the intent to threaten or likely to threaten the unity, integrity, sovereignty, security, or economic securityRead More →

Of hurt 114. Hurt. Whoever causes bodily pain, disease or infirmity to any person is said to cause hurt.Read More →

115. Voluntarily causing hurt. (1) Whoever does any act with the intention of thereby causing hurt to any person, or with the knowledge that heRead More →

116. Grievous hurt. The following kinds of hurt only are designated as “grievous”, namely: (a) Emasculation; (b) Permanent privation of the sight of either eye;Read More →

117. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt. (1) Whoever voluntarily causes hurt, if the hurt which he intends to cause or knows himself to be likely toRead More →

118. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt by dangerous weapons or means. (1) Whoever, except in the case provided for by sub-section (1) of sectionRead More →

119. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort property, or to constrain to an illegal act. (1) Whoever voluntarily causes hurt for the purposeRead More →

120. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to extort confession, or to compel restoration of property. (1) Whoever voluntarily causes hurt for the purpose ofRead More →

121. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt to deter public servant from his duty. (1) Whoever voluntarily causes hurt to any person being a publicRead More →

122. Voluntarily causing hurt or grievous hurt on provocation. (1) Whoever voluntarily causes hurt on grave and sudden provocation, if he neither intends nor knowsRead More →

123. Causing hurt by means of poison, etc., with intent to commit an offence. Whoever administers to or causes to be taken by any personRead More →

124. Voluntarily causing grievous hurt by use of acid, etc. (1) Whoever causes permanent or partial damage or deformity to, or burns or maims orRead More →

125. Act endangering life or personal safety of others. Whoever does any act so rashly or negligently as to endanger human life or the personalRead More →

Of wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement 126. Wrongful restraint. (1) Whoever voluntarily obstructs any person so as to prevent that person from proceeding in anyRead More →

127. Wrongful confinement. (1) Whoever wrongfully restrains any person in such a manner as to prevent that person from proceedings beyond certain circumscribing limits, isRead More →

Of criminal force and assault 128. Force. A person is said to use force to another if he causes motion, change of motion, or cessationRead More →

129. Criminal force. Whoever intentionally uses force to any person, without that person’s consent, in order to the committing of any offence, or intending byRead More →

130. Assault. Whoever makes any gesture, or any preparation intending or knowing it to be likely that such gesture or preparation will cause any personRead More →

131. Punishment for assault or criminal force otherwise than on grave provocation. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person otherwise than on graveRead More →

132. Assault or criminal force to deter public servant from discharge of his duty. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person being aRead More →

133. Assault or criminal force with intent to dishonour person, otherwise than on grave provocation. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person, intendingRead More →

134. Assault or criminal force in attempt to commit theft of property carried by a person. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person,Read More →

135. Assault or criminal force in attempt to wrongfully confine a person. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person, in attempting wrongfully toRead More →

136. Assault or criminal force on grave provocation. Whoever assaults or uses criminal force to any person on grave and sudden provocation given by thatRead More →

Of kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour. 137. Kidnapping. (1) Kidnapping is of two kinds: kidnapping from India, and kidnapping from lawful guardianship: (a) whoeverRead More →

138. Abduction. Whoever by force compels, or by any deceitful means induces, any person to go from any place, is said to abduct that person.Read More →

139. Kidnapping or maiming a child for purposes of begging. (1) Whoever kidnaps any child or, not being the lawful guardian of such child, obtainsRead More →

140. Kidnapping or abducting in order to murder or for ransom, etc. (1) Whoever kidnaps or abducts any person in order that such person mayRead More →

141. Importation of girl or boy from foreign country. Whoever imports into India from any country outside India any girl under the age of twenty-oneRead More →

142. Wrongfully concealing or keeping in confinement, kidnapped or abducted person. Whoever, knowing that any person has been kidnapped or has been abducted, wrongfully concealsRead More →

143. Trafficking of person. (1) Whoever, for the purpose of exploitation recruits, transports, harbours, transfers, or receives a person or persons, by: (a) using threats;Read More →

144. Exploitation of a trafficked person. (1) Whoever, knowingly or having reason to believe that a child has been trafficked, engages such child for sexualRead More →

145. Habitual dealing in slaves. Whoever habitually imports, exports, removes, buys, sells, traffics or deals in slaves, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, orRead More →

146. Unlawful compulsory labour. Whoever unlawfully compels any person to labour against the will of that person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either descriptionRead More →

CHAPTER VII – OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE STATE 147. Waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against Government of India. WhoeverRead More →

148. Conspiracy to commit offences punishable by section 147. Whoever within or without and beyond India conspires to commit any of the offences punishable byRead More →

149. Collecting arms, etc., with intention of waging war against Government of India. Whoever collects men, arms or ammunition or otherwise prepares to wage warRead More →

150. Concealing with intent to facilitate design to wage war. Whoever by any act, or by any illegal omission, conceals the existence of a designRead More →

151. Assaulting President, Governor, etc., with intent to compel or restrain exercise of any lawful power. Whoever, with the intention of inducing or compelling theRead More →

152. Act endangering sovereignty, unity and integrity of India. Whoever, purposely or knowingly, by words, either spoken or written, or by signs, or by visibleRead More →

153. Waging war against Government of any foreign State at peace with Government of India. Whoever wages war against the Government of any foreign StateRead More →

154. Committing depredation on territories of foreign State at peace with Government of India. Whoever commits depredation, or makes preparations to commit depredation, on theRead More →

155. Receiving property taken by war or depredation mentioned in sections 153 and 154. Whoever receives any property knowing the same to have been takenRead More →

156. Public servant voluntarily allowing prisoner of State or war to escape. Whoever, being a public servant and having the custody of any State prisonerRead More →

157. Public servant negligently suffering such prisoner to escape. Whoever, being a public servant and having the custody of any State prisoner or prisoner ofRead More →

158. Aiding escape of, rescuing or harbouring such prisoner. Whoever knowingly aids or assists any State prisoner or prisoner of war in escaping from lawfulRead More →

CHAPTER VIII – OF OFFENCES RELATING TO THE ARMY, NAVY AND AIR FORCE 159. Abetting mutiny, or attempting to seduce a soldier, sailor or airmanRead More →

160. Abetment of mutiny, if mutiny is committed in consequence thereof. Whoever abets the committing of mutiny by an officer, soldier, sailor or airman, inRead More →

161. Abetment of assault by soldier, sailor or airman on his superior officer, when in execution of his office. Whoever abets an assault by anRead More →

162. Abetment of such assault, if assault committed. Whoever abets an assault by an officer, soldier, sailor or airman, in the Army, Navy or AirRead More →

163. Abetment of desertion of soldier, sailor or airman. Whoever abets the desertion of any officer, soldier, sailor or airman, in the Army, Navy orRead More →

164. Harbouring deserter. Whoever, except as hereinafter excepted, knowing or having reason to believe that an officer, soldier, sailor or airman, in the Army, NavyRead More →

165. Deserter concealed on board merchant vessel through negligence of master. The master or person in charge of a merchant vessel, on board of whichRead More →

166. Abetment of act of insubordination by soldier, sailor or airman. Whoever abets what he knows to be an act of insubordination by an officer,Read More →

167. Persons subject to certain Acts. No person subject to the Air Force Act, 1950, the Army Act, 1950 and the Navy Act, 1957, orRead More →

168. Wearing garb or carrying token used by soldier, sailor or airman. Whoever, not being a soldier, sailor or airman in the Army, Naval orRead More →

CHAPTER IX – OF OFFENCES RELATING TO ELECTIONS 169. Candidate, electoral right defined. For the purposes of this Chapter: (a) “candidate” means a person whoRead More →

170. Bribery. (1) Whoever: (i) gives a gratification to any person with the object of inducing him or any other person to exercise any electoralRead More →

171. Undue influence at elections. (1) Whoever voluntarily interferes or attempts to interfere with the free exercise of any electoral right commits the offence ofRead More →

172. Personation at elections. Whoever at an election applies for a voting paper on votes in the name of any other person, whether living orRead More →

173. Punishment for bribery. Whoever commits the offence of bribery shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend toRead More →

174. Punishment for undue influence or personation at an election. Whoever commits the offence of undue influence or personation at an election shall be punishedRead More →

175. False statement in connection with an election. Whoever with intent to affect the result of an election makes or publishes any statement purporting toRead More →

176. Illegal payments in connection with an election. Whoever without the general or special authority in writing of a candidate incurs or authorises expenses onRead More →

177. Failure to keep election accounts. Whoever being required by any law for the time being in force or any rule having the force ofRead More →

CHAPTER X – OF OFFENCES RELATING TO COIN, CURRENCY-NOTES, BANK-NOTES, AND GOVERNMENT STAMPS 178. Counterfeiting coin, Government stamps, currency-notes or bank-notes. Whoever counterfeits, or knowinglyRead More →

179. Using as genuine,forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes. Whoever imports or exports, or sells or delivers to, or buys or receivesRead More →

180. Possession of forged or counterfeit coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes. Whoever has in his possession any forged or counterfeit coin, stamp, currency-note orRead More →

181. Making or possessing instruments or materials for forging or counterfeiting coin, Government stamp, currency-notes or bank-notes. Whoever makes or mends, or performs any partRead More →

182. Making or using documents resembling currency-notes or bank-notes. (1) Whoever makes, or causes to be made, or uses for any purpose whatsoever, or deliversRead More →

183. Effacing writing from substance bearing Government stamp, or removing from document a stamp used for it, with intent to cause loss to Government. Whoever,Read More →

184. Using Government stamp known to have been before used. Whoever, fraudulently or with intent to cause loss to the Government, uses for any purposeRead More →

185. Erasure of mark denoting that stamp has been used. Whoever, fraudulently or with intent to cause loss to Government, erases or removes from aRead More →

186. Prohibition of fictitious stamps. (1) Whoever: (a) makes, knowingly utters, deals in or sells any fictitious stamp, or knowingly uses for any postal purposeRead More →

187. Person employed in mint causing coin to be of different weight or composition from that fixed by law. Whoever, being employed in any mintRead More →

188. Unlawfully taking coining instrument from mint. Whoever, without lawful authority, takes out of any mint, lawfully established in India, any coining tool or instrument,Read More →

CHAPTER XI – OF OFFENCES AGAINST THE PUBLIC TRANQUILLITY 189. Unlawful assembly. (1) An assembly of five or more persons is designated an “unlawful assembly”,Read More →

190. Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in prosecution of common object. If an offence is committed by any member of anRead More →

191. Rioting. (1) Whenever force or violence is used by an unlawful assembly, or by any member thereof, in prosecution of the common object ofRead More →

192. Wantonly giving provocation with intent to cause riot-if rioting be committed; if not committed. Whoever malignantly, or wantonly by doing anything which is illegal,Read More →

193. Liability of owner, occupier, etc., of land on which an unlawful assembly or riot takes place. (1) Whenever any unlawful assembly or riot takesRead More →

194. Affray. (1) When two or more persons, by fighting in a public place, disturb the public peace, they are said to commit an affray.Read More →

195. Assaulting or obstructing public servant when suppressing riot, etc. (1) Whoever assaults or obstructs any public servant or uses criminal force on any publicRead More →

196. Promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony.Read More →

197. Imputations, assertions prejudicial to national integration. (1) Whoever, by words either spoken or written or by signs or by visible representations or through electronicRead More →

CHAPTER XII – OF OFFENCES BY OR RELATING TO PUBLIC SERVANTS 198. Public servant disobeying law, with intent to cause injury to any person. Whoever,Read More →

199. Public servant disobeying direction under law. Whoever, being a public servant: (a) knowingly disobeys any direction of the law which prohibits him from requiringRead More →

200. Punishment for non-treatment of victim. Whoever, being in charge of a hospital, public or private, whether run by the Central Government, the State Government,Read More →

201. Public servant framing an incorrect document with intent to cause injury. Whoever, being a public servant, and being, as such public servant, charged withRead More →

202. Public servant unlawfully engaging in trade. Whoever, being a public servant, and being legally bound as such public servant not to engage in trade,Read More →

203. Public servant unlawfully buying or bidding for property. Whoever, being a public servant, and being legally bound as such public servant, not to purchaseRead More →

204. Personating a public servant. Whoever pretends to hold any particular office as a public servant, knowing that he does not hold such office orRead More →

205. Wearing garb or carrying token used by public servant with fraudulent intent. Whoever, not belonging to a certain class of public servants, wears anyRead More →

CHAPTER XIII – OF CONTEMPTS OF THE LAWFUL AUTHORITY OF PUBLIC SERVANTS 206. Absconding to avoid service of summons or other proceeding. Whoever absconds inRead More →

207. Preventing service of summons or other proceeding, or preventing publication thereof. Whoever in any manner intentionally prevents the serving on himself, or on anyRead More →

208. Non-attendance in obedience to an order from public servant. Whoever, being legally bound to attend in person or by an agent at a certainRead More →

209. Non-appearance in response to a proclamation under section 84 of Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023. Whoever fails to appear at the specified place andRead More →

210. Omission to produce document or electronic record to public servant by person legally bound to produce it. Whoever, being legally bound to produce orRead More →

211. Omission to give notice or information to public servant by person legally bound to give it. Whoever, being legally bound to give any noticeRead More →

212. Furnishing false information. Whoever, being legally bound to furnish information on any subject to any public servant, as such, furnishes, as true, information onRead More →

213. Refusing oath or affirmation when duly required by public servant to make it. Whoever refuses to bind himself by an oath or affirmation toRead More →

214. Refusing to answer public servant authorised to question. Whoever, being legally bound to state the truth on any subject to any public servant, refusesRead More →

215. Refusing to sign statement. Whoever refuses to sign any statement made by him, when required to sign that statement by a public servant legallyRead More →

216. False statement on oath or affirmation to public servant or person authorised to administer an oath or affirmation. Whoever, being legally bound by anRead More →

217. False information, with intent to cause public servant to use his lawful power to injury of another person. Whoever gives to any public servantRead More →

218. Resistance to taking of property by lawful authority of a public servant. Whoever offers any resistance to the taking of any property by theRead More →

219. Obstructing sale of property offered for sale by authority of public servant. Whoever intentionally obstructs any sale of property offered for sale by theRead More →

220. Illegal purchase or bid for property offered for sale by authority of public servant. Whoever, at any sale of property held by the lawfulRead More →

221. Obstructing public servant in discharge of public functions. Whoever voluntarily obstructs any public servant in the discharge of his public functions, shall be punishedRead More →

222. Omission to assist public servant when bound by law to give assistance. Whoever, being bound by law to render or furnish assistance to anyRead More →

223. Disobedience to order duly promulgated by public servant. Whoever, knowing that, by an order promulgated by a public servant lawfully empowered to promulgate suchRead More →

224. Threat of injury to public servant. Whoever holds out any threat of injury to any public servant, or to any person in whom heRead More →

225. Threat of injury to induce person to refrain from applying for protection to public servant. Whoever holds out any threat of injury to anyRead More →

226. Attempt to commit suicide to compel or restrain exercise of lawful power. Whoever attempts to commit suicide with the intent to compel or restrainRead More →

CHAPTER XIV – OF FALSE EVIDENCE AND OFFENCES AGAINST PUBLIC JUSTICE 227. Giving false evidence. Whoever, being legally bound by an oath or by anRead More →

228. Fabricating false evidence. Whoever causes any circumstance to exist or makes any false entry in any book or record, or electronic record or makesRead More →

229. Punishment for false evidence. (1) Whoever intentionally gives false evidence in any stage of a judicial proceeding, or fabricates false evidence for the purposeRead More →

230. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital offence. (1) Whoever gives or fabricates false evidence, intending thereby to cause,Read More →

231. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of offence punishable with imprisonment for life or imprisonment. Whoever gives or fabricates falseRead More →

232. Threatening any person to give false evidence. (1) Whoever threatens another with any injury to his person, reputation or property or to the personRead More →

233. Using evidence known to be false. Whoever corruptly uses or attempts to use as true or genuine evidence any evidence which he knows toRead More →

234. Issuing or signing false certificate. Whoever issues or signs any certificate required by law to be given or signed, or relating to any factRead More →

235. Using as true a certificate known to be false. Whoever corruptly uses or attempts to use any such certificate as a true certificate, knowingRead More →

236. False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence. Whoever, in any declaration made or subscribed by him, which declaration anyRead More →

237. Using as true such declaration knowing it to be false. Whoever corruptly uses or attempts to use as true any such declaration, knowing theRead More →

238. Causing disappearance of evidence of offence, or giving false information to screen offender. Whoever, knowing or having reason to believe that an offence hasRead More →

239. Intentional omission to give information of offence by person bound to inform. Whoever, knowing or having reason to believe that an offence has beenRead More →

240. Giving false information respecting an offence committed. Whoever, knowing or having reason to believe that an offence has been committed, gives any information respectingRead More →

241. Destruction of document or electronic record to prevent its production as evidence. Whoever secretes or destroys any document or electronic record which he mayRead More →

242. False personation for purpose of act or proceeding in suit or prosecution. Whoever falsely personates another, and in such assumed character makes any admissionRead More →

243. Fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution. Whoever fraudulently removes, conceals, transfers or delivers to anyRead More →

244. Fraudulent claim to property to prevent its seizure as forfeited or in execution. Whoever fraudulently accepts, receives or claims any property or any interestRead More →

245. Fraudulently suffering decree for sum not due. Whoever fraudulently causes or suffers a decree or order to be passed against him at the suitRead More →

246. Dishonestly making false claim in Court. Whoever fraudulently or dishonestly, or with intent to injure or annoy any person, makes in a Court anyRead More →

247. Fraudulently obtaining decree for sum not due. Whoever fraudulently obtains a decree or order against any person for a sum not due, or forRead More →

248. False charge of offence made with intent to injure. Whoever, with intent to cause injury to any person, institutes or causes to be institutedRead More →

249. Harbouring offender. Whenever an offence has been committed, whoever harbours or conceals a person whom he knows or has reason to believe to beRead More →

250. Taking gift, etc., to screen an offender from punishment. Whoever accepts or attempts to obtain, or agrees to accept, any gratification for himself orRead More →

251. Offering gift or restoration of property in consideration of screening offender. Whoever gives or causes, or offers or agrees to give or cause, anyRead More →

252. Taking gift to help to recover stolen property, etc. Whoever takes or agrees or consents to take any gratification under pretence or on accountRead More →

253. Harbouring offender who has escaped from custody or whose apprehension has been ordered. Whenever any person convicted of or charged with an offence, beingRead More →

254. Penalty for harbouring robbers or dacoits. Whoever, knowing or having reason to believe that any persons are about to commit or have recently committedRead More →

255. Public servant disobeying direction of law with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture. Whoever, being a public servant, knowingly disobeysRead More →

256. Public servant framing incorrect record or writing with intent to save person from punishment or property from forfeiture. Whoever, being a public servant, andRead More →

257. Public servant in judicial proceeding corruptly making report, etc., contrary to law. Whoever, being a public servant, corruptly or maliciously makes or pronounces inRead More →

258. Commitment for trial or confinement by person having authority who knows that he is acting contrary to law. Whoever, being in any office whichRead More →

259. Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend. Whoever, being a public servant, legally bound as such public servant toRead More →

260. Intentional omission to apprehend on part of public servant bound to apprehend person under sentence or lawfully committed. Whoever, being a public servant, legallyRead More →

261. Escape from confinement or custody negligently suffered by public servant. Whoever, being a public servant legally bound as such public servant to keep inRead More →

262. Resistance or obstruction by a person to his lawful apprehension. Whoever intentionally offers any resistance or illegal obstruction to the lawful apprehension of himselfRead More →

263. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension of another person. Whoever, intentionally offers any resistance or illegal obstruction to the lawful apprehension of any otherRead More →

264. Omission to apprehend, or sufferance of escape, on part of public servant, in cases not otherwise provided for. Whoever, being a public servant legallyRead More →

265. Resistance or obstruction to lawful apprehension or escape or rescue in cases not otherwise provided for. Whoever, in any case not provided for inRead More →

266. Violation of condition of remission of punishment. Whoever, having accepted any conditional remission of punishment, knowingly violates any condition on which such remission wasRead More →

267. Intentional insult or interruption to public servant sitting in judicial proceeding. Whoever, intentionally offers any insult, or causes any interruption to any public servant,Read More →

268. Personation of assessor. Whoever, by personation or otherwise, shall intentionally cause, or knowingly suffer himself to be returned, empanelled or sworn as an assessorRead More →

269. Failure by person released on bail bond or bond to appear in Court. Whoever, having been charged with an offence and released on bailRead More →

CHAPTER XV – OF OFFENCES AFFECTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH, SAFETY, CONVENIENCE, DECENCY AND MORALS 270. Public nuisance. A person is guilty of a public nuisanceRead More →

271. Negligent act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life. Whoever unlawfully or negligently does any act which is, and which he knowsRead More →

272. Malignant act likely to spread infection of disease dangerous to life. Whoever malignantly does any act which is, and which he knows or hasRead More →

273. Disobedience to quarantine rule. Whoever knowingly disobeys any rule made by the Government for putting any mode of transport into a state of quarantine,Read More →

274. Adulteration of food or drink intended for sale. Whoever adulterates any article of food or drink, so as to make such article noxious asRead More →

275. Sale of noxious food or drink. Whoever sells, or offers or exposes for sale, as food or drink, any article which has been renderedRead More →

276. Adulteration of drugs. Whoever adulterates any drug or medical preparation in such a manner as to lessen the efficacy or change the operation ofRead More →

277. Sale of adulterated drugs. Whoever, knowing any drug or medical preparation to have been adulterated in such a manner as to lessen its efficacy,Read More →

278. Sale of drug as a different drug or preparation. Whoever knowingly sells, or offers or exposes for sale, or issues from a dispensary forRead More →

279. Fouling water of public spring or reservoir. Whoever voluntarily corrupts or fouls the water of any public spring or reservoir, so as to renderRead More →

280. Making atmosphere noxious to health. Whoever voluntarily vitiates the atmosphere in any place so as to make it noxious to the health of personsRead More →

281. Rash driving or riding on a public way. Whoever drives any vehicle, or rides, on any public way in a manner so rash orRead More →

282. Rash navigation of vessel. Whoever navigates any vessel in a manner so rash or negligent as to endanger human life, or to be likelyRead More →

283. Exhibition of false light, mark or buoy. Whoever exhibits any false light, mark or buoy, intending or knowing it to be likely that suchRead More →

284. Conveying person by water for hire in unsafe or overloaded vessel. Whoever knowingly or negligently conveys, or causes to be conveyed for hire, anyRead More →

285. Danger or obstruction in public way or line of navigation. Whoever, by doing any act, or by omitting to take order with any propertyRead More →

286. Negligent conduct with respect to poisonous substance. Whoever does, with any poisonous substance, any act in a manner so rash or negligent as toRead More →

287. Negligent conduct with respect to fire or combustible matter. Whoever does, with fire or any combustible matter, any act so rashly or negligently asRead More →

288. Negligent conduct with respect to explosive substance. Whoever does, with any explosive substance, any act so rashly or negligently as to endanger human life,Read More →

289. Negligent conduct with respect to machinery. Whoever does, with any machinery, any act so rashly or negligently as to endanger human life or toRead More →

290. Negligent conduct with respect to pulling down, repairing or constructing buildings, etc. Whoever, in pulling down, repairing or constructing any building, knowingly or negligentlyRead More →

291. Negligent conduct with respect to animal. Whoever knowingly or negligently omits to take such measures with any animal in his possession as is sufficientRead More →

292. Punishment for public nuisance in cases not otherwise provided for. Whoever commits a public nuisance in any case not otherwise punishable by this SanhitaRead More →

293. Continuance of nuisance after injunction to discontinue. Whoever repeats or continues a public nuisance, having been enjoined by any public servant who has lawfulRead More →

294. Sale, etc., of obscene books, etc. (1) For the purposes of sub-section (2), a book, pamphlet, paper, writing, drawing, painting, representation, figure or anyRead More →

295. Sale, etc., of obscene objects to child. Whoever sells, lets to hire, distributes, exhibits or circulates to any child any such obscene object asRead More →

296. Obscene acts and songs. Whoever, to the annoyance of others: (a) does any obscene act in any public place; or (b) sings, recites orRead More →

297. Keeping lottery office. (1) Whoever keeps any office or place for the purpose of drawing any lottery not being a State lottery or aRead More →

CHAPTER XVI – OF OFFENCES RELATING TO RELIGION 298. Injuring or defiling place of worship with intent to insult religion of any class. Whoever destroys,Read More →

299. Deliberate and malicious acts, intended to outrage religious feelings of any class by insulting its religion or religious beliefs. Whoever, with deliberate and maliciousRead More →

300. Disturbing religious assembly. Whoever voluntarily causes disturbance to any assembly lawfully engaged in the performance of religious worship, or religious ceremonies, shall be punishedRead More →

301. Trespassing on burial places, etc. Whoever, with the intention of wounding the feelings of any person, or of insulting the religion of any person,Read More →

302. Uttering words, etc., with deliberate intent to wound religious feelings of any person. Whoever, with the deliberate intention of wounding the religious feelings ofRead More →

CHAPTER XVII – OF OFFENCES AGAINST PROPERTY Of theft 303. Theft. (1) Whoever, intending to take dishonestly any movable property out of the possession ofRead More →

304. Snatching. (1) Theft is snatching if, in order to commit theft, the offender suddenly or quickly or forcibly seizes or secures or grabs orRead More →

305. Theft in a dwelling house, or means of transportation or place of worship, etc. Whoever commits theft: (a) in any building, tent or vesselRead More →

306. Theft by clerk or servant of property in possession of master. Whoever, being a clerk or servant, or being employed in the capacity ofRead More →

307. Theft after preparation made for causing death, hurt or restraint in order to committing of theft. Whoever commits theft, having made preparation for causingRead More →

Of extortion 308. Extortion. (1) Whoever intentionally puts any person in fear of any injury to that person, or to any other, and thereby dishonestlyRead More →

Of robbery and dacoity 309. Robbery. (1) In all robberies, there is either theft or extortion. (2) Theft is robbery if, in order to theRead More →

310. Dacoity. (1) When five or more persons conjointly commit or attempt to commit a robbery, or where the whole number of persons conjointly committingRead More →

311. Robbery, or dacoity, with attempt to cause death or grievous hurt. If, at the time of committing robbery or dacoity, the offender uses anyRead More →

312. Attempt to commit robbery or dacoity when armed with deadly weapon. If, at the time of attempting to commit robbery or dacoity, the offenderRead More →

313. Punishment for belonging to gang of robbers, etc. Whoever belongs to any gang of persons associated in habitually committing theft or robbery, and notRead More →

Of criminal misappropriation of property 314. Dishonest misappropriation of property. Whoever dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use any movable property, shall be punishedRead More →

315. Dishonest misappropriation of property possessed by deceased person at the time of his death. Whoever dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use anyRead More →

Of criminal breach of trust 316. Criminal breach of trust. (1) Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property,Read More →

Of receiving stolen property 317. Stolen property. (1) Property, the possession whereof has been transferred by theft or extortion or robbery or cheating, and propertyRead More →

Of cheating 318. Cheating. (1) Whoever, by deceiving any person, fraudulently or dishonestly induces the person so deceived to deliver any property to any person,Read More →

319. Cheating by personation. (1) A person is said to cheat by personation if he cheats by pretending to be some other person, or byRead More →

Of fraudulent deeds and dispositions of property 320. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors. Whoever dishonestly or fraudulentlyRead More →

321. Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors. Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently prevents any debt or demand due to himself or to anyRead More →

322. Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration. Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently signs, executes or becomes a party toRead More →

323. Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property. Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently conceals or removes any property of himself or any other person, orRead More →

Of mischief 324. Mischief. (1) Whoever with intent to cause, or knowing that he is likely to cause, wrongful loss or damage to the publicRead More →

325. Mischief by killing or maiming animal. Whoever commits mischief by killing, poisoning, maiming or rendering useless any animal shall be punished with imprisonment ofRead More →

326. Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc. Whoever commits mischief by: (a) doing any act which causes, or which he knows toRead More →

327. Mischief with intent to destroy or make unsafe a rail, aircraft, decked vessel or one of twenty tons burden. (1) Whoever commits mischief toRead More →

328. Punishment for intentionally running vessel aground or ashore with intent to commit theft, etc. Whoever intentionally runs any vessel aground or ashore, intending toRead More →

Of criminal trespass 329. Criminal trespass and house-trespass. (1) Whoever enters into or upon property in the possession of another with intent to commit anRead More →

330. House-trespass and house-breaking. (1) Whoever commits house-trespass having taken precautions to conceal such house-trespass from some person who has a right to exclude orRead More →

331. Punishment for house-trespass or house- breaking. (1)Whoever commits lurking house-trespass or house-breaking, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term whichRead More →

332. House-trespass in order to commit offence. Whoever commits house-trespass in order to the committing of any offence: (a) punishable with death, shall be punishedRead More →

333. House-trespass after preparation for hurt, assault or wrongful restraint. Whoever commits house-trespass, having made preparation for causing hurt to any person or for assaultingRead More →

334. Dishonestly breaking open receptacle containing property. (1) Whoever dishonestly or with intent to commit mischief, breaks open or unfastens any closed receptacle which containsRead More →

CHAPTER XVIII – OF OFFENCES RELATING TO DOCUMENTS AND TO PROPERTY MARKS 335. Making a false document. A person is said to make a falseRead More →

336. Forgery. (1) Whoever makes any false document or false electronic record or part of a document or electronic record, with intent to cause damageRead More →

337. Forgery of record of Court or of public register, etc. Whoever forges a document or an electronic record, purporting to be a record orRead More →

338. Forgery of valuable security, will, etc. Whoever forges a document which purports to be a valuable security or a will, or an authority toRead More →

339. Having possession of document described in section 337 or section 338, knowing it to be forged and intending to use it as genuine. WhoeverRead More →

340. Forged document or electronic record and using it as genuine. (1) A false document or electronic record made wholly or in part by forgeryRead More →

341. Making or possessing counterfeit seal, etc., with intent to commit forgery punishable under section 338. (1) Whoever makes or counterfeits any seal, plate orRead More →

342. Counterfeiting device or mark used for authenticating documents described in section 338, or possessing counterfeit marked material. (1) Whoever counterfeits upon, or in theRead More →

343. Fraudulent cancellation, destruction, etc., of will, authority to adopt, or valuable security Whoever fraudulently or dishonestly, or with intent to cause damage or injuryRead More →

344. Falsification of accounts. Whoever, being a clerk, officer or servant, or employed or acting in the capacity of a clerk, officer or servant, wilfully,Read More →

Of property marks 345. Property mark. (1) A mark used for denoting that movable property belongs to a particular person is called a property mark.Read More →

346. Tampering with property mark with intent to cause injury. Whoever removes, destroys, defaces or adds to any property mark, intending or knowing it toRead More →

347. Counterfeiting a property mark. (1) Whoever counterfeits any property mark used by any other person shall be punished with imprisonment of either description forRead More →

348. Making or possession of any instrument for counterfeiting a property mark. Whoever makes or has in his possession any die, plate or other instrumentRead More →

349. Selling goods marked with a counterfeit property mark. Whoever sells, or exposes, or has in possession for sale, any goods or things with aRead More →

350. Making a false mark upon any receptacle containing goods. (1) Whoever makes any false mark upon any case, package or other receptacle containing goods,Read More →

CHAPTER XIX – OF CRIMINAL INTIMIDATION, INSULT, ANNOYANCE, DEFAMATION, ETC. 351. Criminal intimidation. (1) Whoever threatens another by any means, with any injury to hisRead More →

352. Intentional insult with intent to provoke breach of peace. Whoever intentionally insults in any manner, and thereby gives provocation to any person, intending orRead More →

353. Statements conducing to public mischief. (1) Whoever makes, publishes or circulates any statement, false information, rumour, or report, including through electronic means: (a) withRead More →

354. Act caused by inducing person to believe that he will be rendered an object of Divine displeasure. Whoever voluntarily causes or attempts to causeRead More →

355. Misconduct in public by a drunken person. Whoever, in a state of intoxication, appears in any public place, or in any place which itRead More →

Of defamation 356. Defamation. (1) Whoever, by words either spoken or intended to be read, or by signs or by visible representations, makes or publishesRead More →

Of breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helpless person 357. Breach of contract to attend on and supply wants of helplessRead More →

CHAPTER XX – REPEAL AND SAVINGS 358. Repeal and savings. (1) The Indian Penal Code is hereby repealed. (2) Notwithstanding the repeal of the CodeRead More →